The Key Laboratory of plant stress biology was established in 1990. It was identified as the Provincial Key Laboratory of Henan Province in March 2005. It became the Key Laboratory of the Ministry of education in July 2005. The "National Key Laboratory of cotton biology" jointly constructed with the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in December 2011 was successfully approved and passed the national acceptance in January 2014. In 2012, it was approved as "collaborative innovation center of crop stress biology in Henan Province". In 2016, it was approved as "crop adversity biology innovation and intelligence introduction base" (subject innovation and intelligence introduction plan of colleges and universities, referred to as "111 plan"). At present, the laboratory has two provincial first level key disciplines (biology and Ecology), two first level discipline doctoral programs of biology and ecology and two corresponding post doctoral mobile stations, one level master degree granting authority of biology and one level master degree granting authority of Agronomy Major Crop Genetics and breeding. There are 1 academician, 1 distinguished professor of Yangtze River scholars, 2 Central Plains scholars, 2 provincial distinguished professors, 10 Yellow River scholars and school level distinguished professors in the laboratory; 4 State Council special allowance recipients; 2 National candidates for "one million talents project", 3 National Outstanding Youth Fund winners; 1 973 chief scientist, and national major scientific research and development plan One chief scientist of the project, one "young and middle-aged leading talents in scientific and technological innovation" of the Ministry of science and technology, one national excellent scientific and technological worker and one national outstanding professional and technical talent. Some discipline leaders have become influential experts in this field, serving as the heads of famous international journal editors and professional societies. According to the frontier of international agricultural science and technology development, combined with the national demand and the regional characteristics of Huang Huai Hai, the laboratory carried out major basic theory and technology development research related to dry land agricultural production practice. Focusing on the major needs of national agricultural sustainable development, aiming at the frontier field of international plant science development, and according to the research characteristics and advantages of the laboratory, we carried out major innovative basic and applied basic research related to agricultural production practice in adversity. A series of research work has been published in the plant cell, plant physiology and other internationally renowned academic journals, among which more than 400 SCI papers of Plant Physiology (2001126:1438) have been cited for a single paper, which is a work with high frequency in the field of plant biology in China. The research theory of "Research on stomatal regulation mechanism to improve water use efficiency of plants" has been widely recognized by international peers, greatly improving the influence of the laboratory in the international plant biology field. It has successively won the first prize of natural science of the Ministry of education in 2007 and the second prize of Natural Science in 2012. Among the doctoral theses cultivated, 2 have been nominated as national excellent doctoral theses. In 2009, the "genetic basis and technology of biological water saving" team was selected into the innovation team of "Yangtze River scholars and innovation team development plan" of the Ministry of education. The laboratory attaches great importance to exchanges and cooperation at home and abroad. In recent years, the laboratory has invited nearly 100 well-known experts at home and abroad, including Professor Aaron Ciechanover, the Nobel Prize winner, to visit the laboratory for exchanges, and more than 30 of them have been employed as part-time professors of the laboratory. At present, this subject has become one of the most important research areas of plant biology in the world.